TPSAB1
GeneName
TPSAB1
Summary
TPSAB1, also known as tryptase or TPS1, is a 31 kDa serine protease that is primarily secreted into the extracellular space. It is predominantly expressed by mast cells and plays a significant role in various biological processes, including the defense response against pathogens and the disassembly of the extracellular matrix. TPSAB1 exhibits serine-type endopeptidase activity, contributing to proteolytic processes that are essential for tissue remodelling and inflammation.
Importance
TPSAB1 is relevant to: - Allergic responses and asthma due to its role in mast cell activation and degranulation - Inflammatory diseases, as it participates in the modulation of the immune response and tissue repair - Cancer progression, where it may influence tumour microenvironments through extracellular matrix degradation and immune cell recruitment - Cardiovascular diseases, where its proteolytic activity could affect vascular integrity and function
Top Products
For researchers investigating TPSAB1, we recommend two primary antibodies that stand out for their performance and reliability. The first is the well-cited monoclonal antibody, Anti-Mast Cell Tryptase antibody [AA1] (ab2378), which has garnered 177 citations, reflecting its strong reputation in the field. This antibody is particularly effective for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB), making it a versatile choice for various experimental setups.Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Mast Cell Tryptase antibody [EPR8476] (ab134932). This product has been validated for IHC and provides the added benefit of batch-to-batch consistency that is characteristic of recombinant antibodies. With 27 citations, it is also gaining traction among researchers. Together, these antibodies provide robust options for studying TPSAB1 with confidence. The Anti-Mast Cell Tryptase antibody ELISA Kit (ab2378), with 177 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure TPSAB1 levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The use of Abcam antibody ab2378 for TPSAB1 detection highlights its relevance in studies focused on mast cell activation and activity across different species, including rats, humans, and mice. The studies suggest a potential role of TPSAB1 in various biological contexts, such as mast cell-related processes and post-stroke conditions.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Tryptase is the major neutral protease present in mast cells and is secreted upon the coupled activation-degranulation response of this cell type. May play a role in innate immunity. Isoform 2 cleaves large substrates, such as fibronectin, more efficiently than isoform 1, but seems less efficient toward small substrates (PubMed:18854315).
Involvement in disease
Hereditary alpha tryptasemia is caused by an increase in the copy number (usually between two and three copies) of the alpha allele. Affected individuals have elevated basal serum tryptase levels that are associated with cutaneous flushing and pruritus, dysautonomia, functional gastrointestinal symptoms, chronic pain, and connective tissue abnormalities. It is not clear if the associated multisystem complaints might be due to the coinheritance of a second functional genetic variant.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Tryptase subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in lung, stomach, spleen, heart and skin; in these tissues, isoform 1 is predominant. Isoform 2 is expressed in aorta, spleen, and breast tumor, with highest levels in the endothelial cells of some blood vessels surrounding the aorta, as well as those surrounding the tumor and low levels, if any, in mast cells (at protein level).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Released from the secretory granules upon mast cell activation.
Alternative names
TPS1, TPS2, TPSB1, TPSAB1, Tryptase alpha/beta-1, Tryptase-1, Tryptase I, Tryptase alpha-1