SERPINE1
GeneName
SERPINE1
Summary
SERPINE1, also known as PAI-1 or plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, is a 45kDa serine protease inhibitor that is secreted into the extracellular space and is found in various tissues, including the extracellular matrix and exosomes. It plays a crucial role in regulating fibrinolysis and blood coagulation by inhibiting tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Additionally, SERPINE1 is involved in several biological processes such as angiogenesis, cell migration, and the inflammatory response, influencing both positive and negative regulatory pathways in these processes.
Importance
SERPINE1 is relevant to: - The regulation of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, impacting conditions such as thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. - Angiogenesis and wound healing, making it a target for therapeutic strategies in tissue repair and regeneration. - Inflammatory responses, particularly in the context of infections and autoimmune diseases, due to its role in modulating immune cell functions. - Cancer biology, as it can influence tumour progression and metastasis through its effects on cell migration and the extracellular matrix.
Top Products
For researchers investigating SERPINE1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-PAI1 antibody (ab66705), which has garnered 102 citations, reflecting its reliability in the field. This antibody is particularly effective for Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC). In addition, we offer the recombinant monoclonal antibody, Anti-PAI1 antibody [EPR21850-82] (ab222754). This product has been validated for a broader range of applications, including WB, ICC, flow cytometry (FC), and immunoprecipitation (IP), making it a versatile choice for researchers seeking consistent performance across different experimental setups. With 28 citations, it is also gaining recognition in the research community. The Human PAI1+tPA ELISA Kit (ab269559) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure SERPINE1 in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that SERPINE1 is being studied in various contexts, particularly in relation to multiple sclerosis and cancer. The use of Abcam antibodies in Western blotting highlights the importance of SERPINE1 in understanding disease mechanisms in both brain lesions and gastric cancer, as well as its role in TGFβ-mediated responses and signaling in osteosarcoma.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Serine protease inhibitor. Inhibits TMPRSS7 (PubMed:15853774). Is a primary inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (PLAT) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU). As PLAT inhibitor, it is required for fibrinolysis down-regulation and is responsible for the controlled degradation of blood clots (PubMed:17912461, PubMed:8481516, PubMed:9207454). As PLAU inhibitor, it is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and spreading (PubMed:9175705). Acts as a regulator of cell migration, independently of its role as protease inhibitor (PubMed:15001579, PubMed:9168821). It is required for stimulation of keratinocyte migration during cutaneous injury repair (PubMed:18386027). It is involved in cellular and replicative senescence (PubMed:16862142). Plays a role in alveolar type 2 cells senescence in the lung (By similarity). Is involved in the regulation of cementogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells, and regulates odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation during odontogenesis (PubMed:25808697, PubMed:27046084).
Involvement in disease
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency
PAI-1D
A hematologic disorder characterized by increased bleeding after trauma, injury, or surgery. Affected females have menorrhagia. The bleeding defect is due to increased fibrinolysis of fibrin blood clots due to deficiency of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, which inhibits tissue and urinary activators of plasminogen.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. A rare PAI-1D mutation resulting in a frameshift and protein truncation has been found in an Old Order Amish community. Homozygous mutation carriers suffer from episodes of major hemorrhage, while heterozygous carriers do not manifest abnormal bleeding (PubMed:9207454). Heterozygosity for the mutation is associated with longer leukocyte telomere length, lower fasting insulin levels, lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and a longer life span (PubMed:29152572).
Post-translational modifications
Inactivated by proteolytic attack of the urokinase-type (u-PA) and the tissue-type (TPA), cleaving the 369-Arg-|-Met-370 bond.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the serpin family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in endothelial cells (PubMed:2430793, PubMed:3097076). Found in plasma, platelets, and hepatoma and fibrosarcoma cells.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
PAI1, PLANH1, SERPINE1, Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI, PAI-1, Endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor, Serpin E1
Database links
swissprot:P05121 entrezGene:5054 entrezGene:5328 swissprot:P00749 omim:191840 omim:173360
Other research areas
- Immunology & Infectious Disease