MPO
GeneName
MPO
Summary
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), also known as hMPO, is an 84 kDa heme-containing enzyme predominantly expressed in neutrophils and, to a lesser extent, in monocytes. It is localised in azurophil granules and plays a pivotal role in the immune response, particularly in the defence against pathogens. MPO catalyses the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into hypochlorous acid, a potent antimicrobial agent, and is involved in the respiratory burst that occurs during phagocytosis. Additionally, MPO has functions in chromatin binding and can interact with various metal ions and heparin, contributing to its diverse roles in cellular processes and inflammation.
Importance
MPO is relevant to: - Host defence mechanisms against bacterial and fungal infections through its production of reactive oxygen species and hypochlorous acid - Inflammatory diseases, as its activity is associated with tissue damage and oxidative stress - Cardiovascular diseases, given its role in low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling and atherosclerosis - Cancer research, where it may influence tumour microenvironments and immune responses - Biomarker studies, as elevated MPO levels are linked to various pathological conditions.
Top Products
For researchers investigating myeloperoxidase (MPO), we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to a variety of applications. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-Myeloperoxidase antibody (ab9535), which has garnered 388 citations, highlighting its reliability in immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). This antibody is a trusted choice for those focusing on these specific applications.In addition, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Myeloperoxidase antibody [EPR20257] (ab208670), which has also received considerable attention with 310 citations. This versatile antibody is validated for use in IHC, ICC, western blotting (WB), and flow cytometry (FC), making it an ideal option for researchers seeking robust performance across multiple techniques. The recombinant nature of this product ensures batch-to-batch consistency, further enhancing its appeal for rigorous experimental designs. The Anti-Myeloperoxidase antibody [EPR20257] ELISA Kit (ab208670), with an impressive 310 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure myeloperoxidase levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates a significant focus on the role of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in various inflammatory contexts, particularly in human and rat models. Studies have explored MPO levels in response to infections, radiation, and surgical recovery, highlighting its importance in immune responses and tissue inflammation. The use of multiple applications, including immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, suggests a comprehensive approach to understanding MPO's role in different biological settings.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity (PubMed:9922160). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage of alpha-1-microglobulin to form t-alpha-1-microglobulin, which potently inhibits oxidation of low-density lipoprotein particles and limits vascular damage (PubMed:25698971).
Involvement in disease
Myeloperoxidase deficiency
MPOD
A disorder characterized by decreased myeloperoxidase activity in neutrophils and monocytes that results in disseminated candidiasis.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily.
Cellular localization
- Lysosome
Alternative names
Myeloperoxidase, MPO
Database links
swissprot:P05164 omim:606989 entrezGene:4353
Other research areas
- Immuno-oncology