MMP3

GeneName

MMP3

Summary

MMP3, also known as MMP-3 or matrix metalloproteinase-3, is a 54kDa enzyme that belongs to the matrix metalloproteinase family. It is primarily located in the extracellular matrix and extracellular space, but can also be found in the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondrion. MMP3 is involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix components, playing a critical role in collagen catabolism and extracellular matrix disassembly. Its enzymatic activities include endopeptidase and metallopeptidase functions, which facilitate the proteolytic processing of various substrates, influencing cell migration and tissue remodelling. MMP3 is also implicated in cellular responses to various stimuli, including amino acids, lipopolysaccharides, and reactive oxygen species.

Importance

MMP3 is relevant to: - Tissue remodelling and repair processes, as it regulates extracellular matrix composition and integrity - Inflammatory responses, particularly in the context of innate immunity and neuroinflammation - Various pathological conditions, including cancer metastasis and arthritis, due to its role in extracellular matrix degradation - Regulation of signalling pathways, such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway, impacting cell survival and proliferation

Top Products

For researchers investigating MMP3, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant antibody, Anti-MMP3 antibody [EP1186Y] (ab52915). This antibody has been validated in knockout models, ensuring reliable performance in your experiments. It is suitable for a variety of applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC), making it a versatile choice for your research needs. With 326 citations, this antibody is well-regarded in the scientific community, reflecting its effectiveness and trustworthiness in MMP3 detection. The Human MMP3 ELISA Kit (ab269371), supported by 4 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure MMP3 levels in their samples.

Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates that MMP3 is being extensively studied in various contexts, particularly in relation to cell signalling, migration, invasion, and extracellular vesicle release. The use of Abcam's antibody ab52915 in both Western blotting and immunocytochemistry highlights its versatility in detecting MMP3 across different species, including mouse and human cells, as well as in various tissue types such as arterial and chondrocyte tissues. This suggests a significant interest in understanding the role of MMP3 in pathological processes, including fibrosis and catabolic metabolism.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Domain

The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.

Function

Metalloproteinase with a rather broad substrate specificity that can degrade fibronectin, laminin, gelatins of type I, III, IV, and V; collagens III, IV, X, and IX, and cartilage proteoglycans. Activates different molecules including growth factors, plasminogen or other matrix metalloproteinases such as MMP9 (PubMed:11029580, PubMed:1371271). Once released into the extracellular matrix (ECM), the inactive pro-enzyme is activated by the plasmin cascade signaling pathway (PubMed:2383557). Acts also intracellularly (PubMed:22265821). For example, in dopaminergic neurons, gets activated by the serine protease HTRA2 upon stress and plays a pivotal role in DA neuronal degeneration by mediating microglial activation and alpha-synuclein/SNCA cleavage (PubMed:21330369). In addition, plays a role in immune response and possesses antiviral activity against various viruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus, influenza A virus (H1N1) and human herpes virus 1 (PubMed:35940311). Mechanistically, translocates from the cytoplasm into the cell nucleus upon virus infection to influence NF-kappa-B activities (PubMed:35940311).

Involvement in disease

Coronary heart disease 6

CHDS6

A multifactorial disease characterized by an imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the coronary vessels to supply sufficient blood flow. Decreased capacity of the coronary vessels is often associated with thickening and loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries.

None

Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. A polymorphism in the MMP3 promoter region is associated with the risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, due to lower MMP3 proteolytic activity and higher extracellular matrix deposition in atherosclerotic lesions.

Post-translational modifications

Directly cleaved by HTRA2 to produce active form.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.

Cellular localization

• Secreted
• Extracellular space
• Extracellular matrix
• Nucleus
• Cytoplasm

Alternative names

STMY1, MMP3, Stromelysin-1, SL-1, Matrix metalloproteinase-3, Transin-1, MMP-3

Database links

swissprot:P08254 entrezGene:4314 omim:185250

Other research areas

• Neuroscience