MAP1LC3B

GeneName

MAP1LC3B

Summary

MAP1LC3B, also known as LC3B or MAP1LC3, is a 15 kDa protein that plays a pivotal role in autophagy, a cellular degradation process. It is primarily localised to the autophagosome and its membrane, and is involved in the assembly and maturation of autophagosomes. MAP1LC3B interacts with various cellular structures, including microtubules and cytoplasmic vesicles, and is essential for processes such as mitophagy and the cellular response to starvation. Its function is mediated through its binding to phosphatidylethanolamine and ubiquitin protein ligases, facilitating the recruitment of cargo for degradation.

Importance

MAP1LC3B is relevant to: - Understanding autophagy and its implications in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infection due to its role in cellular homeostasis. - Investigating the mechanisms of mitophagy, which is crucial for mitochondrial quality control and cellular energy metabolism. - Exploring therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy pathways in various diseases, including metabolic disorders and age-related conditions. - Studying the effects of nutrient deprivation and stress responses in cells, providing insights into cellular adaptation mechanisms.

Top Products

For researchers investigating MAP1LC3B, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to various applications. The first is the highly regarded polyclonal antibody, Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394), which has garnered 868 citations, reflecting its strong reputation in the field. This antibody is suitable for Western blotting (WB), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and immunohistochemistry (IHC), making it a versatile choice for MAP1LC3B detection.Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-LC3B antibody [EPR18709] - Autophagosome Marker (ab192890). This product has been validated in knockout models and is also applicable in WB, ICC, and IHC. With 812 citations, it demonstrates significant trust within the research community. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent option for researchers seeking reliable results in their studies of MAP1LC3B.

Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates a strong focus on the role of MAP1LC3B in various contexts related to autophagy, particularly in mouse and human tissues. Studies have explored its involvement in cellular processes such as autophagy regulation, apoptosis, and responses to stressors like high glucose and blue light exposure. The use of multiple antibodies across different species highlights the importance of MAP1LC3B in understanding cellular mechanisms in health and disease.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Function

Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes) (PubMed:20418806, PubMed:23209295, PubMed:28017329). Plays a role in mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (PubMed:23209295, PubMed:28017329). In response to cellular stress and upon mitochondria fission, binds C-18 ceramides and anchors autophagolysosomes to outer mitochondrial membranes to eliminate damaged mitochondria (PubMed:22922758). While LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation (PubMed:20418806, PubMed:23209295, PubMed:28017329). Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway (PubMed:24089205). Through its interaction with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, participates in the remodeling of subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover (PubMed:31006537, PubMed:31006538). Upon nutrient stress, directly recruits cofactor JMY to the phagophore membrane surfaces and promotes JMY's actin nucleation activity and autophagosome biogenesis during autophagy (PubMed:30420355).

Post-translational modifications

The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4 (ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C or ATG4D) to expose the glycine at the C-terminus and form the cytosolic form, LC3-I (PubMed:15187094, PubMed:15355958, PubMed:20818167, PubMed:29458288, PubMed:30661429, PubMed:31315929). The processed form is then activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, LC3-II (PubMed:15187094). During non-canonical autophagy, the processed form is conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) phospholipid (PubMed:33909989). ATG4 proteins also mediate the delipidation of PE-conjugated forms (PubMed:29458288, PubMed:33909989). In addition, ATG4B and ATG4D mediate delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to PS during non-canonical autophagy (PubMed:33909989). ATG4B constitutes the major protein for proteolytic activation (PubMed:30661429). ATG4D is the main enzyme for delipidation activity (By similarity).

(Microbial infection) The Legionella effector RavZ is a deconjugating enzyme that hydrolyzes the amide bond between the C-terminal glycine residue and an adjacent aromatic residue in ATG8 proteins conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), producing an ATG8 protein that is resistant to reconjugation by the host machinery due to the cleavage of the reactive C-terminal glycine (PubMed:23112293, PubMed:28395732, PubMed:31722778). RavZ is also able to mediate delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) (PubMed:33909989).

Phosphorylation by PKA inhibits conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (PubMed:22948227). Interaction with MAPK15 reduces the inhibitory phosphorylation and increases autophagy activity (PubMed:22948227).

Ubiquitinated by BIRC6; this activity is inhibited by DIABLO/SMAC.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the ATG8 family.

Tissue Specificity

Most abundant in heart, brain, skeletal muscle and testis. Little expression observed in liver.

Cellular localization

• Cytoplasmic vesicle
• Autophagosome membrane
• Lipid-anchor
• Endomembrane system
• Lipid-anchor
• Mitochondrion membrane
• Lipid-anchor
• Cytoplasm
• Cytoskeleton
• Cytoplasmic vesicle
• LC3-II binds to the autophagic membranes. LC3-II localizes with the mitochondrial inner membrane during Parkin-mediated mitophagy (PubMed:28017329). Also localizes to discrete punctae along the ciliary axoneme.

Alternative names

MAP1ALC3, MAP1LC3B, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta, Autophagy-related protein LC3 B, Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3 B, MAP1 light chain 3-like protein 2, Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B, MAP1A/MAP1B LC3 B, MAP1A/MAP1B light chain 3 B

Database links

swissprot:Q9GZQ8 entrezGene:81631 entrezGene:84557 swissprot:Q9H492 omim:609604 omim:601242

Other research areas

• Immuno-oncology
• Immunology & Infectious Disease