ITGB1

GeneName

ITGB1

Summary

ITGB1, also known as integrin beta1, CD29, or integrin beta 1, is an 88 kDa transmembrane protein that plays a pivotal role in cell adhesion and communication. It is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, heart, and immune system. ITGB1 is a key component of integrin complexes that mediate cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion, facilitating processes such as angiogenesis, cell migration, and differentiation. It interacts with a variety of extracellular matrix proteins, including collagen, fibronectin, and laminin, and is involved in the formation of focal adhesions and cell projections, making it essential for maintaining tissue architecture and function.

Importance

ITGB1 is relevant to: - Angiogenesis and tissue repair, influencing wound healing and vascular development - Immune responses, particularly in leukocyte adhesion and migration during inflammation - Neurodevelopment, as it plays a role in neuronal differentiation and synaptic formation - Cancer research, due to its involvement in tumour progression and metastasis through cell-matrix interactions - Cardiovascular health, as it contributes to cardiac muscle cell differentiation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier

Top Products

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Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates a significant focus on the role of ITGB1 in various biological contexts, particularly in muscle development, thrombopoiesis, and cancer research. The use of multiple antibodies across different species, including mouse and human, highlights the importance of ITGB1 in cellular processes such as differentiation, activation, and response to treatments. The studies encompass a range of applications, primarily Western blotting, which suggests a strong interest in protein expression and function related to ITGB1.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Domain

The VWFA domain (or beta I domain) contains three cation-binding sites: the ligand-associated metal ion-binding site (LIMBS or SyMBS), the metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS), and the adjacent MIDAS site (ADMIDAS). This domain is also part of the ligand-binding site.

Function

Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G-E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha-4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha-11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha-4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-6/beta-1 and alpha-7/beta-1 are receptors for lamimin. Integrin alpha-6/beta-1 (ITGA6:ITGB1) is present in oocytes and is involved in sperm-egg fusion (By similarity). Integrin alpha-4/beta-1 is a receptor for VCAM1. It recognizes the sequence Q-I-D-S in VCAM1. Integrin alpha-9/beta-1 is a receptor for VCAM1, cytotactin and osteopontin. It recognizes the sequence A-E-I-D-G-I-E-L in cytotactin. Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 is a receptor for epiligrin, thrombospondin and CSPG4. Alpha-3/beta-1 may mediate with LGALS3 the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Integrin alpha-V/beta-1 is a receptor for vitronectin. Beta-1 integrins recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. When associated with alpha-7 integrin, regulates cell adhesion and laminin matrix deposition. Involved in promoting endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process and the formation of mineralized bone nodules. May be involved in up-regulation of the activity of kinases such as PKC via binding to KRT1. Together with KRT1 and RACK1, serves as a platform for SRC activation or inactivation. Plays a mechanistic adhesive role during telophase, required for the successful completion of cytokinesis. Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 provides a docking site for FAP (seprase) at invadopodia plasma membranes in a collagen-dependent manner and hence may participate in the adhesion, formation of invadopodia and matrix degradation processes, promoting cell invasion. ITGA4:ITGB1 binds to fractalkine (CX3CL1) and may act as its coreceptor in CX3CR1-dependent fractalkine signaling (PubMed:23125415, PubMed:24789099). ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1 bind to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1 (PubMed:18635536, PubMed:25398877). ITGA5:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and mediates R-G-D-dependent cell adhesion to FBN1 (PubMed:12807887, PubMed:17158881). ITGA5:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for fibronectin FN1 and mediates R-G-D-dependent cell adhesion to FN1 (PubMed:33962943). ITGA5:ITGB1 is a receptor for IL1B and binding is essential for IL1B signaling (PubMed:29030430). ITGA5:ITGB3 is a receptor for soluble CD40LG and is required for CD40/CD40LG signaling (PubMed:31331973). Plays an important role in myoblast differentiation and fusion during skeletal myogenesis (By similarity). ITGA9:ITGB1 may play a crucial role in SVEP1/polydom-mediated myoblast cell adhesion (By similarity). Integrins ITGA9:ITGB1 and ITGA4:ITGB1 repress PRKCA-mediated L-type voltage-gated channel Ca(2+) influx and ROCK-mediated calcium sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle cells via their interaction with SVEP1, thereby inhibit vasocontraction (PubMed:35802072).

Isoform 2

Interferes with isoform 1 resulting in a dominant negative effect on cell adhesion and migration (in vitro).

Isoform 5

Isoform 5 displaces isoform 1 in striated muscles.

(Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA2:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human echoviruses 1 and 8.

(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Cytomegalovirus/HHV-5.

(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus/HHV-4.

(Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA5:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human parvovirus B19.

(Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA2:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human rotavirus.

(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Mammalian reovirus.

(Microbial infection) In case of HIV-1 infection, integrin ITGA5:ITGB1 binding to extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.

(Microbial infection) Interacts with CotH proteins expressed by fungi of the order mucorales, the causative agent of mucormycosis, which plays an important role in epithelial cell invasion by the fungi (PubMed:32487760). Integrin ITGA3:ITGB1 may act as a receptor for R.delemar CotH7 in alveolar epithelial cells, which may be an early step in pulmonary mucormycosis disease progression (PubMed:32487760).

(Microbial infection) May serve as a receptor for adhesin A (nadA) of N.meningitidis.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the integrin beta chain family.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (at protein level).

Isoform 1

Expressed in placenta (at protein level) (PubMed:33962943). Widely expressed, other isoforms are generally coexpressed with a more restricted distribution (PubMed:1551917, PubMed:7545396, PubMed:7681433).

Isoform 2

Expressed in skin, liver, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, placenta, umbilical vein endothelial cells, neuroblastoma cells, lymphoma cells, hepatoma cells and astrocytoma cells.

Isoform 3

Together with isoform 4, is expressed in muscle, kidney, liver, placenta, cervical epithelium, umbilical vein endothelial cells, fibroblast cells, embryonal kidney cells, platelets and several blood cell lines. Expressed in non-proliferating and differentiated prostate gland epithelial cells and in platelets, on the surface of erythroleukemia cells and in various hematopoietic cell lines.

Isoform 4

Together with isoform 3, is expressed in muscle, kidney, liver, placenta, cervical epithelium, umbilical vein endothelial cells, fibroblast cells, embryonal kidney cells, platelets and several blood cell lines. Rather than isoform 3, is selectively expressed in peripheral T-cells.

Isoform 5

Expressed specifically in striated muscle (skeletal and cardiac muscle).

Cellular localization

• Cell membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Cell projection
• Invadopodium membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Cell projection
• Ruffle membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Recycling endosome
• Melanosome
• Cleavage furrow
• Cell projection
• Lamellipodium
• Cell junction
• Focal adhesion
• Highly enriched in stage I melanosomes. Located on plasma membrane of neuroblastoma NMB7 cells. In a lung cancer cell line, in prometaphase and metaphase, localizes diffusely at the membrane and in a few intracellular vesicles. In early telophase, detected mainly on the matrix-facing side of the cells. By mid-telophase, concentrated to the ingressing cleavage furrow, mainly to the basal side of the furrow. In late telophase, concentrated to the extending protrusions formed at the opposite ends of the spreading daughter cells, in vesicles at the base of the lamellipodia formed by the separating daughter cells. Colocalizes with ITGB1BP1 and metastatic suppressor protein NME2 at the edge or peripheral ruffles and lamellipodia during the early stages of cell spreading on fibronectin or collagen. Translocates from peripheral focal adhesions sites to fibrillar adhesions in a ITGB1BP1-dependent manner. Enriched preferentially at invadopodia, cell membrane protrusions that correspond to sites of cell invasion, in a collagen-dependent manner. Localized at plasma and ruffle membranes in a collagen-independent manner.
• Isoform 2
• Does not localize to focal adhesions.
• Isoform 5
• Cell membrane
• Sarcolemma
• Cell junction
• In cardiac muscle, found in costameres and intercalated disks.

Alternative names

CD29, FNRB, MDF2, MSK12, ITGB1, Integrin beta-1, Fibronectin receptor subunit beta, Glycoprotein IIa, VLA-4 subunit beta, GPIIA

Database links

swissprot:P05556 omim:603963 entrezGene:3688 entrezGene:3680 entrezGene:3678 swissprot:Q13797 swissprot:P16144 swissprot:P18564 swissprot:P26012 swissprot:P26010 swissprot:P05107 swissprot:P05106 swissprot:P08648 omim:134620 omim:135630