H1-3

Domain

The C-terminal domain is required for high-affinity binding to chromatin.

Function

Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fiber. Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibers. Acts also as a regulator of individual gene transcription through chromatin remodeling, nucleosome spacing and DNA methylation (By similarity).

Post-translational modifications

H1 histones are progressively phosphorylated during the cell cycle, becoming maximally phosphorylated during late G2 phase and M phase, and being dephosphorylated sharply thereafter.

Citrullination at Arg-55 (H1R54ci) by PADI4 takes place within the DNA-binding site of H1 and results in its displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.

Cellular localization

• Nucleus
• Chromosome
• According to PubMed:15911621 more commonly found in euchromatin. According to PubMed:10997781 is associated with inactive chromatin.

Alternative names

H1F3, HIST1H1D, H1-3, Histone H1.3, Histone H1c, Histone H1s-2

Database links

swissprot:P16402 entrezGene:3007 genbank:NP_005320 omim:142210