GPI
Function
In the cytoplasm, catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, the second step in glycolysis, and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis (PubMed:28803808). Besides it's role as a glycolytic enzyme, also acts as a secreted cytokine: acts as an angiogenic factor (AMF) that stimulates endothelial cell motility (PubMed:11437381). Acts as a neurotrophic factor, neuroleukin, for spinal and sensory neurons (PubMed:11004567, PubMed:3352745). It is secreted by lectin-stimulated T-cells and induces immunoglobulin secretion (PubMed:11004567, PubMed:3352745).
Involvement in disease
Hemolytic anemia, non-spherocytic, due to glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency
HA-GPID
A form of anemia in which there is no abnormal hemoglobin or spherocytosis. It is caused by glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Pathway
Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose: step 2/4.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylation at Ser-185 by CK2 has been shown to decrease enzymatic activity and may contribute to secretion by a non-classical secretory pathway.
ISGylated.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the GPI family.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Secreted
Alternative names
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, GPI, Autocrine motility factor, Neuroleukin, Phosphoglucose isomerase, Phosphohexose isomerase, Sperm antigen 36, AMF, NLK, PGI, PHI, SA-36