FN1
GeneName
FN1
Summary
FN1, also known as fibronectin or CIG, is a 272kDa glycoprotein that plays a critical role in cell adhesion and the formation of the extracellular matrix. It is expressed in various tissues, particularly at the apical plasma membrane, basement membrane, and within the extracellular matrix. FN1 is involved in numerous biological processes, including angiogenesis, wound healing, and cell-matrix adhesion. It binds to collagen, integrins, and proteoglycans, facilitating cellular interactions and signalling. This protein is secreted into the extracellular space and is found in blood microparticles and exosomes, indicating its involvement in intercellular communication and tissue repair.
Importance
FN1 is relevant to: - Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to its role in promoting cell adhesion and migration. - Cancer research, as it is implicated in tumour progression and metastasis through its involvement in angiogenesis and cell migration. - Cardiovascular diseases, given its influence on endothelial cell function and heart development. - Wound healing processes, where it contributes to tissue repair and regeneration by mediating cell-matrix interactions.
Top Products
For researchers investigating FN1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to various applications. The first is the highly regarded polyclonal antibody, Anti-Fibronectin antibody (ab2413), which has garnered an impressive 1289 citations, reflecting its reliability and trust within the scientific community. This antibody is well-suited for Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC).In addition, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Fibronectin antibody [F1] (ab32419). This product has been validated for use in WB, IHC, ICC, and flow cytometry (FC), making it a versatile choice for researchers seeking consistent performance across multiple applications. With 123 citations, it is also gaining recognition in the field. Together, these antibodies provide robust options for studying FN1 effectively. The Human Fibronectin Matched Antibody Pair Kit (ab222262) is an excellent option for researchers looking to study FN1 with precision.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates a significant focus on the role of FN1 (Fibronectin 1) in various biological contexts, particularly in fibrosis, cancer, and tissue remodeling. The use of Abcam antibody ab2413 across multiple species, including human and mouse, highlights its versatility in research. Studies often involve Western blotting and immunofluorescence applications, suggesting a strong interest in protein expression and localization in pathological conditions.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Developmental stage
Expressed between 12 and 19 weeks post-conception (WPC) in Bruch's membrane, with expression in the choroid evident from 14 WPC onwards (at protein level) (PubMed:29777959). Expressed in the inner limiting membrane at 17 WPC (at protein level) (PubMed:29777959). Ugl-Y1, Ugl-Y2 and Ugl-Y3 are present in the urine from 0 to 17 years of age (PubMed:17614963, PubMed:3584091).
Function
Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin (PubMed:3024962, PubMed:3593230, PubMed:3900070, PubMed:7989369). Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape (PubMed:3024962, PubMed:3593230, PubMed:3900070, PubMed:7989369). Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization (By similarity). Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts (By similarity). Acts as a ligand for the LILRB4 receptor, inhibiting FCGR1A/CD64-mediated monocyte activation (PubMed:34089617).
Anastellin
Binds fibronectin and induces fibril formation. This fibronectin polymer, named superfibronectin, exhibits enhanced adhesive properties. Both anastellin and superfibronectin inhibit tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Anastellin activates p38 MAPK and inhibits lysophospholipid signaling.
Secreted by contracting muscle, induces liver autophagy, a degradative pathway for nutrient mobilization and damage removal, and systemic insulin sensitization via hepatic ITGA5:ITGB1 integrin receptor signaling.
Involvement in disease
Glomerulopathy with fibronectin deposits 2
GFND2
Genetically heterogeneous autosomal dominant disorder characterized clinically by proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and hypertension that leads to end-stage renal failure in the second to fifth decade of life.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, corner fracture type
SMDCF
An autosomal dominant form of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, a group of short stature disorders distinguished by abnormalities in the vertebrae and the metaphyses of the tubular bones. SMDCF is characterized by flake-like, triangular, or curvilinear ossification centers at the edges of irregular metaphyses that simulate fractures. These corner fractures involve the distal tibia, the ulnar aspect of the distal radius, the proximal humerus, and the proximal femur. They represent irregular ossification at the growth plates and secondary ossification centers.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Sulfated.
It is not known whether both or only one of Thr-2155 and Thr-2156 are/is glycosylated.
Forms covalent cross-links mediated by a transglutaminase, such as F13A or TGM2, between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming homopolymers and heteropolymers (e.g. fibrinogen-fibronectin, collagen-fibronectin heteropolymers).
Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
Proteolytic processing produces the C-terminal NC1 peptide, anastellin.
Some lysine residues are oxidized to allysine by LOXL3, promoting fibronectin activation and matrix formation.
Serotonylated on Gln residues by TGM2 in response to hypoxia.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the inner limiting membrane and around blood vessels in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:29777959). Plasma FN (soluble dimeric form) is secreted by hepatocytes. Cellular FN (dimeric or cross-linked multimeric forms), made by fibroblasts, epithelial and other cell types, is deposited as fibrils in the extracellular matrix. Ugl-Y1, Ugl-Y2 and Ugl-Y3 are found in urine (PubMed:17614963).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- Extracellular matrix
- Secreted
Alternative names
FN, FN1, Fibronectin, Cold-insoluble globulin, CIG
Database links
swissprot:P02751 omim:135600 entrezGene:2335
Other research areas
- Oncology