DROSHA
Domain
The 2 RNase III domains form an intramolecular dimer where the domain 1 cuts the 3'strand while the domain 2 cleaves the 5'strand of pri-miRNAs, independently of each other.
Function
Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA-ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Involved also in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double-strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in the formation of GW bodies. Plays a role in growth homeostasis in response to autophagy in motor neurons (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Degraded by autophagy in response to neuronal activity in motor neurons.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the ribonuclease III family.
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitous.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Cytoplasm
- A fraction is translocated to the nucleolus during the S phase of the cell cycle. Localized in GW bodies (GWBs), also known as P-bodies.
Alternative names
RN3, RNASE3L, RNASEN, DROSHA, Ribonuclease 3, Protein Drosha, Ribonuclease III, p241, RNase III