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AB272106

重组人冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera)

Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera)

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(3 Publications)

Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) is a SARS-CoV-2 Fragment protein, in the 685 to 1211 aa range, expressed in HEK 293 cells, with >90%, < 1 EU/mL endotoxin level, suitable for SDS-PAGE.

查看别名

2, S, Spike glycoprotein, S glycoprotein, E2, Peplomer protein

12 Images
Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • WB

Unknown

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

**Lane 1 : **Red - loading control Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216775) binding to the sheep Fc Chimera tag on recombinant human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S2 - observed at 135 kDa **Lanes 2 : **Green - ab283913 observed at 135 kDa. ab283913 was shown to bind specifically to SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S2 in Western blot. Samples were run on an SDS-PAGE gel then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Membranes were blocked in 3 % milk in TBS-0.1 % Tween® 20 (TBS-T) before incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Blots were washed four times in TBS-T, incubated with secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature, washed again four times then imaged. Secondary antibodies used were Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216775) and Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (ab216779) at 1/20000 dilution. Blocking buffer : 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] (<a href='/products/primary-antibodies/sars-cov-2-spike-glycoprotein-s2-antibody-epr25038-122-ab283913'>ab283913</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106) at 2 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106) at 0.2 µg

Secondary

Lane 1:

Western blot - Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/donkey-goat-igg-h-l-irdye-800cw-preadsorbed-ab216775'>ab216775</a>)

Lane 2:

Western blot - Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/donkey-rabbit-igg-h-l-irdye-680rd-preadsorbed-ab216779'>ab216779</a>) at 1/20000 dilution

Observed band size: 135 kDa

false

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • I-ELISA

Lab

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

Indirect ELISA showing primary antibody ab323000 binding to Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105). Plates were coated with Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105), Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera, ab272106) and Recombinant human coronavirus SARS spike glycoprotein (Tagged, ab270844) at 1000 ng/ml. Binding of ab323000 was assessed in a serial dilution range 0.016- 1000 ng/mL (a 3-fold serial dilution). Secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc (HRP) preadsorbed (ab98624) was used at 1 : 5000.

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • I-ELISA

Supplier Data

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

Indirect ELISA showing primary antibody ab283913 binding SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant) Spike Glycoprotein S1 (ab290828); SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant) Spike Glycoprotein RBD (ab290829); Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant Spike protein (GCN4-IZ) His tag; Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106). Antigen concentration is 1000 ng/ml. Substrate solution is p-nitrophenyl phosphate(PNPP). Binding of ab283913 was assessed in a serial dilution range 1000-0 ng/ml. Binding was detected using the secondary antibody, Alkaline Phosphatase-conjugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG(H+L) at 1/2500 dilution.

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • I-ELISA

Lab

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

Indirect ELISA showing primary antibody ab323001 binding to Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105). Plates were coated with Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105), Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera, ab272106) and Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS spike glycoprotein (Tagged, ab270844) at 1000 ng/ml. Binding of ab323001 was assessed in a serial dilution range 0.016- 1000 ng/mL (a 3-fold serial dilution). Secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Chicken IgY H&L (HRP, ab6877) was used at 1 : 5000.

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • I-ELISA

Lab

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

Indirect ELISA showing primary antibody ab322272 binding to Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105). Plates were coated with Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105) and Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera, ab272106) at 1000 ng/ml. Binding of ab322272 was assessed in a serial dilution range 0.016- 1000 ng/mL (a 3-fold serial dilution). Secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc (HRP) preadsorbed (ab98624) was used at 1 : 5000.

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • I-ELISA

Lab

Indirect ELISA - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

Indirect ELISA showing primary antibody ab322999 binding to Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105). Plates were coated with Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 (Fc Chimera, ab272105), Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera, ab272106) and Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS spike glycoprotein (Tagged, ab270844) at 1000 ng/ml. Binding of ab322999 was assessed in a serial dilution range 0.016- 1000 ng/mL (a 3-fold serial dilution). Secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Chicken IgY H&L (HRP, ab6877) was used at 1 : 5000.

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

False colour image of Western blot : Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] - BSA and Azide free - Chicken IgY (Chimeric) (ab324893) staining at 1/500 dilution, shown in black.

In Western blot, ab324893 was shown to bind specifically to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2. Samples were run on an SDS-PAGE gel then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Membranes were blocked in 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T) before incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4°C. Blots were washed four times in TBS-T, incubated with secondary antibodies for 1h at room temperature, washed again four times then imaged.

Blocking buffer : 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122]-Chicken IgY (Chimeric)-BSA&Azide free (<a href='/products/primary-antibodies/sars-cov-2-spike-glycoprotein-s2-antibody-epr25038-122-chicken-igy-chimeric-bsa-and-azide-free-ab324893'>ab324893</a>) at 1/500 dilution

Lane 1:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106) at 0.2 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (His tag) (<a href='/products/proteins-peptides/recombinant-human-coronavirus-sars-cov-2-nucleocapsid-protein-his-tag-ab273530'>ab273530</a>) at 0.2 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Chicken IgY H&L (HRP) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-chicken-igy-h-l-hrp-preadsorbed-ab7118'>ab7118</a>) at 1/10000 dilution

Observed band size: 135 kDa

false

Exposure time: 10s

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

False colour image of Western blot : Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] - BSA and Azide free - Human IgG1 (Chimeric) (ab324889) staining at 1/1000 dilution, shown in black.

In Western blot, ab324889 was shown to bind specifically to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2. Samples were run on an SDS-PAGE gel then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Membranes were blocked in 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T) before incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4°C. Blots were washed four times in TBS-T, incubated with secondary antibodies for 1h at room temperature, washed again four times then imaged.

Blocking buffer : 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] - Human IgG1 (Chimeric) - BSA & Azide free (<a href='/products/primary-antibodies/sars-cov-2-spike-glycoprotein-s2-antibody-epr25038-122-human-igg1-chimeric-bsa-and-azide-free-ab324889'>ab324889</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106) at 0.2 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (His tag) (<a href='/products/proteins-peptides/recombinant-human-coronavirus-sars-cov-2-nucleocapsid-protein-his-tag-ab273530'>ab273530</a>) at 0.2 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc (HRP) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-human-igg-fc-hrp-preadsorbed-ab98624'>ab98624</a>) at 1/10000 dilution

Observed band size: 135 kDa

false

Exposure time: 10s

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

False colour image of Western blot : Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] - BSA and Azide free - Mouse IgG1 (Chimeric) (ab324891) staining at 1/1000 dilution, shown in black.

In Western blot, ab324891 was shown to bind specifically to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2. Samples were run on an SDS-PAGE gel then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Membranes were blocked in 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T) before incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4°C. Blots were washed four times in TBS-T, incubated with secondary antibodies for 1h at room temperature, washed again four times then imaged.

Blocking buffer : 3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] - Mouse IgG1 (Chimeric) - BSA & Azide free (<a href='/products/primary-antibodies/sars-cov-2-spike-glycoprotein-s2-antibody-epr25038-122-mouse-igg1-chimeric-bsa-and-azide-free-ab324891'>ab324891</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106) at 0.2 µg

Lane 2:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (His tag) (<a href='/products/proteins-peptides/recombinant-human-coronavirus-sars-cov-2-nucleocapsid-protein-his-tag-ab273530'>ab273530</a>) at 0.2 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Fc (HRP) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-mouse-igg-fc-hrp-preadsorbed-ab98717'>ab98717</a>) at 1/10000 dilution

Observed band size: 135 kDa

false

Exposure time: 10s

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • WB

Lab

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

This data was developed using ab283913, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation. **Lane 1 : **Red - loading control Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216775) binding to the sheep Fc Chimera tag on recombinant human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S2 - observed at 135 kDa **Lanes 2 : **Green - ab283913 observed at 135 kDa. ab283913 was shown to bind specifically to SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S2 in Western blot. Samples were run on an SDS-PAGE gel then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane. Membranes were blocked in 3 % milk in TBS-0.1 % Tween® 20 (TBS-T) before incubation with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Blots were washed four times in TBS-T, incubated with secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature, washed again four times then imaged. Secondary antibodies used were Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216775) and Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (ab216779) at 1/20000 dilution. **Blocking buffer : **3% milk in TBS-0.1% Tween® 20 (TBS-T)

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 antibody [EPR25038-122] - BSA and Azide free (<a href='/products/primary-antibodies/sars-cov-2-spike-glycoprotein-s2-antibody-epr25038-122-bsa-and-azide-free-ab284041'>ab284041</a>)

All lanes:

Western blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (ab272106) at 0.2 µg

Secondary

Lane 1:

Western blot - Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/donkey-goat-igg-h-l-irdye-800cw-preadsorbed-ab216775'>ab216775</a>)

Lane 2:

Western blot - Donkey anti-Goat IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (<a href='/products/secondary-antibodies/donkey-goat-igg-h-l-irdye-800cw-preadsorbed-ab216775'>ab216775</a>) at 1/20000 dilution

false

Dot Blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • Dot

Lab

Dot Blot - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

Dot blot analysis using ab283913 at 1/1000 dilution followed by a Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP) with minimal cross-reactivity with human IgG at 1/2000 dilution. Lane 1 : Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529/Omicron) Spike Glycoprotein S1 (ab290828). Lane 2 : Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529/Omicron) Spike Glycoprotein S1 RBD protein (ab290829). Lane 3 : Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529/Omicron) Spike protein. Lane 4 : Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (ab272106). Blocking buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST. Diluting buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST. Exposure Time : 180 seconds.

SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)
  • SDS-PAGE

Supplier Data

SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 (Fc Chimera) (AB272106)

SDS-PAGE analysis of ab272106.

关键信息

纯度

>90%

内毒素水平

< 1 EU/mL

表达系统

HEK 293 cells

标签

Sheep Fc tag C-Terminus

应用

SDS-PAGE

applications

生物活性

No

访问

P0DTC2

不含动物源

No

不含载体蛋白

No

种属

SARS-CoV-2

存储溶液

pH: 7 - 8 Constituents: PBS

storage-buffer

反应性数据

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Reactivity", "Dilution Info", "Notes"] }, "values": { "SDS-PAGE": { "reactivity":"TESTED_AND_REACTS", "dilution-info":"", "notes":"<p></p>" } } }

序列信息

[{"sequence":"TQTNSPRRARSVASQSIIAYTMSLGAENSVAYSNNSIAIPTNFTISVTTEILPVSMTKTSVDCTMYICGDSTECSNLLLQYGSFCTQLNRALTGIAVEQDKNTQEVFAQVKQIYKTPPIKDFGGFNFSQILPDPSKPSKRSFIEDLLFNKVTLADAGFIKQYGDCLGDIAARDLICAQKFNGLTVLPPLLTDEMIAQYTSALLAGTITSGWTFGAGAALQIPFAMQMAYRFNGIGVTQNVLYENQKLIANQFNSAIGKIQDSLSSTASALGKLQDVVNQNAQALNTLVKQLSSNFGAISSVLNDILSRLDKVEAEVQIDRLITGRLQSLQTYVTQQLIRAAEIRASANLAATKMSECVLGQSKRVDFCGKGYHLMSFPQSAPHGVVFLHVTYVPAQEKNFTTAPAICHDGKAHFPREGVFVSNGTHWFVTQRNFYEPQIITTDNTFVSGNCDVVIGIVNNTVYDPLQPELDSFKEELDKYFKNHTSPDVDLGDISGINASVVNIQKEIDRLNEVAKNLNESLIDLQELGKYEQYIK","proteinLength":"Fragment","predictedMolecularWeight":"86 kDa","actualMolecularWeight":"115 kDa","aminoAcidEnd":1211,"aminoAcidStart":685,"nature":"Recombinant","expressionSystem":"HEK 293 cells","accessionNumber":"P0DTC2","tags":[{"tag":"Sheep Fc","terminus":"C-Terminus"}]}]

性能和储存信息

运输条件
Dry Ice
推荐的短期储存条件
-80°C
推荐的长期储存条件
-80°C
分装信息
Upon delivery aliquot
储存信息
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
False

补充信息

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 also known as S2 subunit is a segment of spike protein found on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The spike protein facilitates viral entry into host cells. Mechanically S2 mediates membrane fusion which is essential for the virus to merge with cellular membranes allowing viral RNA to enter and replicate within the host. This protein has a molecular weight of approximately 680 kDa combined with S1. Expressed mainly in virions the spike protein is the target for many therapeutic interventions.
Biological function summary

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 plays an important role in the viral infectivity process. It is part of a trimeric spike protein complex which undergoes a conformational shift during host cell entry. The S2 subunit specifically triggers the fusion process following receptor binding of another component the S1 subunit. During infection immune response typically generates anti-spike antibodies that target this protein aiming to block viral invasion or clear infected cells.

Pathways

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 is critical in the viral entry and replication pathway. It interacts with host proteins in pathways involving endocytosis. The fusion activity of S2 is closely associated with cellular proteases like TMPRSS2 and furin which prime the spike protein for entry. These interactions are important for the initiation of the viral replication cycle and help shape the host's pathophysiological response to infection.

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S2 holds significant relevance in COVID-19 pathogenesis which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This protein's interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) alongside the spike S1 subunit plays an important role in determining the virus’s infectivity and host cell invasion. Understanding its role can aid in designing therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 and related variants also revealing connections to host immune responses.

特殊说明

形式

Liquid

常规信息

功能

Spike protein S1. Attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection. The major receptor is host ACE2 (PubMed : 32142651, PubMed : 32155444, PubMed : 33607086). When S2/S2' has been cleaved, binding to the receptor triggers direct fusion at the cell membrane (PubMed : 34561887). When S2/S2' has not been cleaved, binding to the receptor results in internalization of the virus by endocytosis using host TFRC and GRM2 and leading to fusion of the virion membrane with the host endosomal membrane (PubMed : 32075877, PubMed : 32221306, PubMed : 34903715, PubMed : 36779763). Alternatively, may use NRP1/NRP2 (PubMed : 33082294, PubMed : 33082293) and integrin as entry receptors (PubMed : 35150743). The use of NRP1/NRP2 receptors may explain the tropism of the virus in human olfactory epithelial cells, which express these molecules at high levels but ACE2 at low levels (PubMed : 33082293). Uses also ASGR1 as an alternative receptor in an ACE2-independent manner (PubMed : 34837059). The stalk domain of S contains three hinges, giving the head unexpected orientational freedom (PubMed : 32817270).. Spike protein S2. Precursor of the fusion protein processed in the biosynthesis of the S protein and the formation of virus particle. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains two viral fusion peptides that are unmasked after cleavage. The S2/S2' cleavage occurs during virus entry at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 (PubMed : 32142651) or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed : 32703818, PubMed : 34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change leading to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed : 34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states : pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.. Spike protein S2'. Subunit of the fusion protein that is processed upon entry into the host cell. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains a viral fusion peptide that is unmasked after S2 cleavage. This cleavage can occur at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed : 32703818, PubMed : 34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change that leads to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed : 34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states : pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.

序列相似性

Belongs to the betacoronaviruses spike protein family.

翻译后修饰

The cytoplasmic Cys-rich domain is palmitoylated. Palmitoylated spike proteins drive the formation of localized ordered cholesterol and sphingo-lipid-rich lipid nanodomains in the early Golgi, where viral budding occurs.. Specific enzymatic cleavages in vivo yield mature proteins. The precursor is processed into S1 and S2 by host furin or unknown proteases to yield the mature S1 and S2 proteins (PubMed:32155444, PubMed:32362314, PubMed:32703818, PubMed:34159616, PubMed:34561887). Processing between S2 and S2' occurs either by host CTSL in endosomes (PubMed:32221306, PubMed:33465165, PubMed:34159616), or by host TMPRSS2 at the cell surface (PubMed:32142651). Both cleavages are necessary for the protein to be fusion competent (PubMed:32703818, PubMed:34159616, PubMed:34561887). Cell surface activation allows the virus to enter the cell despite inhibition of the endosomal pathway by hydroxychloroquine (PubMed:33465165). The polybasic furin cleavage site is absent in SARS-CoV S (PubMed:32155444, PubMed:32362314, PubMed:33465165). It increases the dependence on TMPRSS2 expression by SARS-CoV-2 (PubMed:33465165). D614G substitution would enhance furin cleavage at the S1/S2 junction (PubMed:33417835).. Highly decorated by heterogeneous N-linked glycans protruding from the trimer surface (PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32155444, PubMed:32929138). Highly glycosylated by host both on S1 and S2 subunits, occluding many regions across the surface of the protein (PubMed:32363391, PubMed:32366695, PubMed:32929138). Approximately 40% of the protein surface is shielded from antibody recognition by glycans, with the notable exception of the ACE2 receptor binding domain (PubMed:32929138).. O-glycosylated by host GALNT1 at the end of S1. This could reduce the efficiency of S1/S2 cleavage.

产品实验方案

靶点信息

Spike protein S1. Attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection. The major receptor is host ACE2 (PubMed : 32142651, PubMed : 32155444, PubMed : 33607086). When S2/S2' has been cleaved, binding to the receptor triggers direct fusion at the cell membrane (PubMed : 34561887). When S2/S2' has not been cleaved, binding to the receptor results in internalization of the virus by endocytosis using host TFRC and GRM2 and leading to fusion of the virion membrane with the host endosomal membrane (PubMed : 32075877, PubMed : 32221306, PubMed : 34903715, PubMed : 36779763). Alternatively, may use NRP1/NRP2 (PubMed : 33082294, PubMed : 33082293) and integrin as entry receptors (PubMed : 35150743). The use of NRP1/NRP2 receptors may explain the tropism of the virus in human olfactory epithelial cells, which express these molecules at high levels but ACE2 at low levels (PubMed : 33082293). Uses also ASGR1 as an alternative receptor in an ACE2-independent manner (PubMed : 34837059). The stalk domain of S contains three hinges, giving the head unexpected orientational freedom (PubMed : 32817270).. Spike protein S2. Precursor of the fusion protein processed in the biosynthesis of the S protein and the formation of virus particle. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains two viral fusion peptides that are unmasked after cleavage. The S2/S2' cleavage occurs during virus entry at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 (PubMed : 32142651) or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed : 32703818, PubMed : 34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change leading to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed : 34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states : pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.. Spike protein S2'. Subunit of the fusion protein that is processed upon entry into the host cell. Mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by functioning as a class I viral fusion protein. Contains a viral fusion peptide that is unmasked after S2 cleavage. This cleavage can occur at the cell membrane by host TMPRSS2 or during endocytosis by host CSTL (PubMed : 32703818, PubMed : 34159616). In either case, this triggers an extensive and irreversible conformational change that leads to fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular cytoplasmic membrane, releasing viral genomic RNA into the host cell cytoplasm (PubMed : 34561887). Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states : pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of the viral and target cell membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) adopt a trimer-of-hairpins structure and position the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. Formation of this structure appears to promote apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.
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Vaccines 11: PubMed38005972

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Gag Virus-like Particles Functionalized with SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Generation, Characterization and Recognition by COVID-19 Convalescent Patients' Sera.

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Frontiers in immunology 13:963627 PubMed35928816

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The SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein Induces Innate Memory in Human Monocytes.

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Optimization, Production, Purification and Characterization of HIV-1 GAG-Based Virus-like Particles Functionalized with SARS-CoV-2.

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Arnau Boix-Besora,Elianet Lorenzo,Jesús Lavado-García,Francesc Gòdia,Laura Cervera
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