Anti-PAX4抗体(ab101721)

Plays an important role in the differentiation and development of pancreatic islet beta cells. Transcriptional repressor that binds to a common element in the glucagon, insulin and somatostatin promoters. Competes with PAX6 for this same promoter binding site. Isoform 2 appears to be a dominant negative form antagonizing PAX4 transcriptional activity.

Defects in PAX4 are a cause of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) [MIM:125853]; also known as diabetes mellitus type 2 or maturity-onset diabetes. NIDDM is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset during adulthood and insulin resistance.
Genetic variations in PAX4 are associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [MIM:222100]. IDDM normally starts in childhood or adolescence and is caused by the body's own immune system which destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Classical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria, due to hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis.
Defects in PAX4 are a cause of susceptibility to diabetes mellitus ketosis-prone (KPD) [MIM:612227]. KPD is an atypical form of diabetes mellitus characterized by an acute initial presentation with severe hyperglycemia and ketosis, as seen in classic type 1 diabetes, but after initiation of insulin therapy, prolonged remission is often possible with cessation of insulin therapy and maintenance of appropriate metabolic control. Metabolic studies show a markedly blunted insulin secretory response to glucose, partially reversible with the improvement of blood glucose control. Variable levels of insulin resistance are observed, especially in obese patients. Pancreatic beta-cell autoimmunity is a rare finding.
Defects in PAX4 are the cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 9 (MODY9) [MIM:612225]. MODY is a form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease.

Belongs to the paired homeobox family.
Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain.
Contains 1 paired domain.

Nucleus.